Sufficiency Criterion for the Validity of the Adiabatic Approximation

We examine the quantitative condition which has been widely used as a criterion for the adiabatic approximation but was recently found insufficient. Our results indicate that the usual quantitative condition is sufficient for a special class of quantum mechanical systems. For general systems, it may not be sufficient, but it, along with additional conditions, is sufficient. The usual quantitative condition and the additional conditions constitute a general criterion for the validity of the adiabatic approximation, which is applicable to all $N$-dimensional quantum systems. Moreover, we illustrate the use of the general quantitative criterion in some physical models.