Abstract
Onsager’s reciprocity theorem has been extensively discussed for fluid systems and its validity generally accepted. The application of the theorem to solid state, however, is not always transparent due to additional complications that have no counterparts in fluids, and its validity has not been so exhaustively examined experimentally either. Here we show that in the phenomenon of mixed ionic-electronic conduction in (rutile), the theorem is verified experimentally, and the Onsager cross coefficient can be even larger than a direct one, contrary to the conventional belief.
- Received 26 July 2006
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.255901
©2006 American Physical Society