Detection Scheme for Acoustic Quantum Radiation in Bose-Einstein Condensates

Based on doubly detuned Raman transitions between (meta)stable atomic or molecular states and recently developed atom counting techniques, a detection scheme for sound waves in dilute Bose-Einstein condensates is proposed whose accuracy might reach down to the level of a few or even single phonons. This scheme could open up a new range of applications including the experimental observation of quantum radiation phenomena such as the Hawking effect in sonic black-hole analogues or the acoustic analogue of cosmological particle creation.

Figure 1

Sketch (not to scale) of the three-level ($\Lambda$) system and the doubly detuned Raman transitions denoted by ${\Omega }_{1,2}$.