Abstract
We show that a many-atom Bose system at zero temperature has, in general, a liquid phase in addition to its well-known gaseous phase. A universal phase diagram is presented that is applicable to all Bose systems with a type of interaction at large interparticle separations. We show that the predicted phase structure has implications on the stability of a gaseous Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) even at dilute densities that are routinely achieved under existing experimental conditions. We also predict that should have a gaseous BEC phase below a critical density of .
- Received 16 August 2005
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.240403
©2005 American Physical Society