Novel Type of CPT Violation for Correlated Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen States of Neutral Mesons

We discuss modifications to the concept of an “antiparticle,” induced by a breakdown of the $CPT$ symmetry at a fundamental level, realized within an extended class of quantum gravity models. The resulting loss of particle-antiparticle identity in the neutral-meson system induces a breaking of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlation imposed by Bose statistics. This is parametrized by a complex parameter associated with the contamination by the ”wrong symmetry” state. The physical consequences are studied, and novel observables of $CPT$ violation in $\varphi$ factories are proposed.

Figure 1

A typical amplitude corresponding to the decay of, say, a $\varphi$ state into final states $X,Y$; $t_i,i=1,2$ denote the corresponding time scales for the appearance of the final products of the decay.

Figure 2

Characteristic cases of the intensity $I(\Delta t)$, with $|\omega |=0$ (solid line) vs $I(\Delta t)$ (dashed line) with (from top left to right): (i) $|\omega |=|{\eta }_{+-}|$, $\Omega ={\varphi }_{+-}-0.16\pi$, (ii) $|\omega |=|{\eta }_{+-}|$, $\Omega ={\varphi }_{+-}+0.95\pi$, (iii) $|\omega |=0.5|{\eta }_{+-}|$, $\Omega ={\varphi }_{+-}+0.16\pi$, (iv) $|\omega |=1.5|{\eta }_{+-}|$, $\Omega ={\varphi }_{+-}$. $\Delta t$ is measured in units of ${\tau }_S$ (the mean lifetime of $K_S$) and $I(\Delta t)$ in units of $|C{|}^2|{\eta }_{+-}{|}^2|⟨{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}|K_S⟩{|}^4{\tau }_S$.