Transition from a Strongly Interacting 1D Superfluid to a Mott Insulator

Thilo Stöferle, Henning Moritz, Christian Schori, Michael Köhl, and Tilman Esslinger
Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 130403 – Published 31 March 2004

Abstract

We study 1D trapped Bose gases in the strongly interacting regime. The systems are created in an optical lattice and are subject to a longitudinal periodic potential. Bragg spectroscopy enables us to investigate the excitation spectrum in different regimes. In the superfluid phase a broad continuum of excitations is observed which calls for an interpretation beyond the Bogoliubov spectrum taking into account the effect of strong interactions. In the Mott insulating phase a discrete spectrum is measured. Both phases are compared to the 3D situation and to the crossover regime from 1D to 3D. The coherence length and coherent fraction of the gas are measured in all configurations. We observe signatures for increased fluctuations characteristic for 1D systems. Moreover, the collective oscillations cease near the transition to the Mott insulator phase.

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  • Received 16 October 2003

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.130403

©2004 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

Thilo Stöferle, Henning Moritz, Christian Schori, Michael Köhl*, and Tilman Esslinger

  • Institute of Quantum Electronics, ETH Zürich Hönggerberg, CH–8093 Zürich, Switzerland

  • *Electronic address: Koehl@iqe.phys.ethz.ch

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Issue

Vol. 92, Iss. 13 — 2 April 2004

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