Rapidly Rotating Bose-Einstein Condensates in and near the Lowest Landau Level

V. Schweikhard, I. Coddington, P. Engels, V. P. Mogendorff, and E. A. Cornell
Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 040404 – Published 29 January 2004

Abstract

We create rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensates in the lowest Landau level by spinning up the condensates to rotation rates Ω>99% of the centrifugal limit for a harmonically trapped gas, while reducing the number of atoms. As a consequence, the chemical potential drops below the cyclotron energy 2Ω. While in this mean-field quantum-Hall regime we still observe an ordered vortex lattice, its elastic shear strength is strongly reduced, as evidenced by the observed very low frequency of Tkachenko modes. Furthermore, the gas approaches the quasi-two-dimensional limit. The associated crossover from interacting- to ideal-gas behavior along the rotation axis results in a shift of the axial breathing mode frequency.

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  • Received 22 August 2003

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.040404

©2004 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

V. Schweikhard1, I. Coddington1, P. Engels1, V. P. Mogendorff2, and E. A. Cornell1,*

  • 1JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
  • 2Physics Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands

  • *Quantum Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology.

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Vol. 92, Iss. 4 — 30 January 2004

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