Abstract
An open quantum system in steady state can be represented by a weighted ensemble of pure states in infinitely many ways. A physically realizable (PR) ensemble is one for which some continuous measurement of the environment will collapse the system into a pure state , stochastically evolving such that the proportion of time for which equals . Some, but not all, ensembles are PR. This constitutes the preferred ensemble fact. We present the necessary and sufficient conditions for a given ensemble to be PR, and illustrate the method by showing that the coherent state ensemble is not PR for an atom laser.
- Received 22 July 2001
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.240402
©2001 American Physical Society