Resonance-Assisted Tunneling in Near-Integrable Systems

Dynamical tunneling between symmetry related invariant tori is studied in the near-integrable regime. Using the kicked Harper model as an illustration, we show that the exponential decay of the wave functions in the classically forbidden region is modified due to coupling processes that are mediated by classical resonances. This mechanism leads to a substantial deviation of the splitting between quasidegenerate eigenvalues from the purely exponential decrease with $1/ħ$ obtained for the integrable system. A simple semiclassical framework, which takes into account the effect of the resonance substructure on the invariant tori, allows one to quantitatively reproduce the behavior of the eigenvalue splittings.