Intrinsic Finite-Size Effects in the Two-Dimensional $\mathit{XY}$ Model with Irrational Frustration

This study investigates in detail the finite-size scaling of the two-dimensional irrationally frustrated $\mathrm{XY}$ model. By means of Monte Carlo simulations with entropic sampling, we examine the size dependence of the specific heat, and find remarkable deviation from the conventional finite-size scaling theory, which reveals novel intrinsic finite-size effects. Relaxation dynamics of the system is also considered, and, correspondingly, finite-size scaling of the relaxation time is examined, again giving evidence for the intrinsic finite-size effects and suggesting a zero-temperature glass transition.