Theta Dependence in the Large N Limit of Four-Dimensional Gauge Theories

Edward Witten
Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 2862 – Published 5 October 1998
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Abstract

The θ dependence of pure gauge theories in four dimensions can be studied using a duality of large N gauge theories with string theory on a certain spacetime. Via this duality, one can argue that for every θ, there are infinitely many vacua that are stable in the large N limit. The true vacuum, found by minimizing the energy in this family, is a smooth function of θ except at θ=π where it jumps. This jump is associated with spontaneous breaking of CP symmetry. Domain walls separating adjacent vacua are described in terms of wrapped six-branes.

  • Received 20 July 1998

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.2862

©1998 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

Edward Witten

  • School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Olden Lane, Princeton, New Jersey 08540

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Issue

Vol. 81, Iss. 14 — 5 October 1998

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