Fractional Quantum Hall Effect around $\nu =\frac{3}{2}$: Composite Fermions with a Spin

Angular dependent magnetotransport measurements on the fractional quantum Hall (FQHE) states around Landau level filling factor $\nu =\frac{3}{2}$ are explained very effectively in terms of composite fermions (CFs) with a spin. The disappearance and reappearance of FQHE states as well as their spin polarization is deduced from a simple "Landau level" fan diagram for CFs. While the "Landau splitting" scales with effective magnetic field, with its origin at $\nu =\frac{3}{2}$, the spin-splitting scales with total external magnetic field having its origin at $B=0\mathrm{}$. The $g$ factor of a CF is largely the $g$ factor of the electron.