Communication via one- and two-particle operators on Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen states

Charles H. Bennett and Stephen J. Wiesner
Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 2881 – Published 16 November 1992
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Abstract

As is well known, operations on one particle of an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pair cannot influence the marginal statistics of measurements on the other particle. We characterize the set of states accessible from an initial EPR state by one-particle operations and show that in a sense they allow two bits to be encoded reliably in one spin-1/2 particle: One party, ‘‘Alice,’’ prepares an EPR pair and sends one of the particles to another party, ‘‘Bob,’’ who applies one of four unitary operators to the particle, and then returns it to Alice. By measuring the two particles jointly, Alice can now reliably learn which operator Bob used.

  • Received 16 June 1992

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.2881

©1992 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

Charles H. Bennett

  • IBM Research Division, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598

Stephen J. Wiesner

  • 74 Parkman St., Brookline, Massachusetts 02146

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Vol. 69, Iss. 20 — 16 November 1992

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