Energy dissipation and violation of the fluctuation-response relation in nonequilibrium Langevin systems

Takahiro Harada and Shin-ichi Sasa
Phys. Rev. E 73, 026131 – Published 27 February 2006

Abstract

The fluctuation-response relation is a fundamental relation that is applicable to systems near equilibrium. On the other hand, when a system is driven far from equilibrium, this relation is violated in general because the detailed-balance condition is not satisfied in nonequilibrium systems. Even in this case, it has been found that for a class of Langevin equations, there exists an equality between the extent of violation of the fluctuation-response relation in the nonequilibrium steady state and the rate of energy dissipation from the system into the environment [T. Harada and S.-i. Sasa, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 130602 (2005)]. Since this equality involves only experimentally measurable quantities, it serves as a proposition to determine experimentally whether the system can be described by a Langevin equation. Furthermore, the contribution of each degree of freedom to the rate of energy dissipation can be determined based on this equality. In this paper, we present a comprehensive description on this equality, and provide a detailed derivation for various types of models including many-body systems, Brownian motor models, time-dependent systems, and systems with multiple heat reservoirs.

  • Received 27 October 2005

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.73.026131

©2006 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

Takahiro Harada1,* and Shin-ichi Sasa2,†

  • 1Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
  • 2Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tokyo, Komaba, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan

  • *Electronic address: harada@chem.scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp
  • Electronic address: sasa@jiro.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Article Text (Subscription Required)

Click to Expand

References (Subscription Required)

Click to Expand
Issue

Vol. 73, Iss. 2 — February 2006

Reuse & Permissions
Access Options
Author publication services for translation and copyediting assistance advertisement

Authorization Required


×
×

Images

×

Sign up to receive regular email alerts from Physical Review E

Log In

Cancel
×

Search


Article Lookup

Paste a citation or DOI

Enter a citation
×