Quantum effects in the early universe. V. Finite particle production without trace anomalies

James B. Hartle
Phys. Rev. D 23, 2121 – Published 15 May 1981
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Abstract

The production of scalar particles in a homogeneous isotropic spatially flat universe containing classical baryons and radiation is studied for regulated massless free-field theories without trace anomalies. The pair-production probability is evaluated to lowest nonvanishing order in the parameter ξ=lρbρr34, where l is the Planck length, ρb is the baryon energy density, and ρr is the radiation energy density, all in units where =c=1. For our universe ξ1027. The back reaction regulates the production of scalar particles near the singularity so that the probability to produce a pair in the volume occupied by one baryon over the history of the universe is finite, of order of magnitude ξmbl, where mb is the mass of a typical baryon, and therefore very small.

  • Received 29 December 1980

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.23.2121

©1981 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

James B. Hartle

  • Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106

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Issue

Vol. 23, Iss. 10 — 15 May 1981

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