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Inflationary universe: A possible solution to the horizon and flatness problems

Alan H. Guth
Phys. Rev. D 23, 347 – Published 15 January 1981
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Abstract

The standard model of hot big-bang cosmology requires initial conditions which are problematic in two ways: (1) The early universe is assumed to be highly homogeneous, in spite of the fact that separated regions were causally disconnected (horizon problem); and (2) the initial value of the Hubble constant must be fine tuned to extraordinary accuracy to produce a universe as flat (i.e., near critical mass density) as the one we see today (flatness problem). These problems would disappear if, in its early history, the universe supercooled to temperatures 28 or more orders of magnitude below the critical temperature for some phase transition. A huge expansion factor would then result from a period of exponential growth, and the entropy of the universe would be multiplied by a huge factor when the latent heat is released. Such a scenario is completely natural in the context of grand unified models of elementary-particle interactions. In such models, the supercooling is also relevant to the problem of monopole suppression. Unfortunately, the scenario seems to lead to some unacceptable consequences, so modifications must be sought.

  • Received 11 August 1980

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.23.347

©1981 American Physical Society

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2015 - General Relativity’s Centennial

The editors of the Physical Review journals have curated a collection of landmark papers on General Relativity to celebrate its centennial.

Physical Review D 50th Anniversary Milestones

This collection of seminal papers from PRD highlights research that remains central to developments today in particle physics, quantum field and string theory, gravitation, cosmology, and particle astrophysics.

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50 Years of Physical Review D: Making Ripples in Fields and Spacetime

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Authors & Affiliations

Alan H. Guth*

  • Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305

  • *Present address: Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.

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See Also

Landmarks: The Inflationary Universe

David Lindley
Phys. Rev. Focus 27, 12 (2011)

References

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Issue

Vol. 23, Iss. 2 — 15 January 1981

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