Phases and transitions in the spin-1 Bose-Hubbard model: Systematics of a mean-field theory

Ramesh V. Pai, K. Sheshadri, and Rahul Pandit
Phys. Rev. B 77, 014503 – Published 8 January 2008

Abstract

We generalize the mean-field theory for the spinless Bose-Hubbard model to account for the different types of superfluid phases that can arise in the spin-1 case. In particular, our mean-field theory can distinguish polar and ferromagnetic superfluids, Mott insulator, that arise at integer fillings at zero temperature, and normal Bose liquids into which the Mott insulators evolve at finite temperatures. We find, in contrast to the spinless case, that several of the superfluid-Mott insulator transitions are of first order at finite temperatures. Our systematic study yields rich phase diagrams that include first-order and second-order transitions and a variety of tricritical points. We discuss the possibility of realizing such phase diagrams in experimental systems.

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  • Received 15 May 2007

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.77.014503

©2008 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

Ramesh V. Pai*

  • Department of Physics, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Goa 403 206, India

K. Sheshadri

  • 686, BEL Layout, 3rd Block, Vidyaranyapura, Bangalore 560 097, India

Rahul Pandit

  • Centre for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Sciences, Bangalore 560 012, India

  • *rvpai@unigoa.ac.in
  • kshesh@gmail.com
  • Also at Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560 064, India; rahul@physics.iisc.ernet.in; URL: http://www.physics.iisc.ernet.in/∼rahul

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Vol. 77, Iss. 1 — 1 January 2008

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