Active materials embedded in photonic crystals and coupled to electromagnetic radiation

Peter Bermel, Elefterios Lidorikis, Yoel Fink, and John D. Joannopoulos
Phys. Rev. B 73, 165125 – Published 25 April 2006

Abstract

A calculational scheme is presented to model the interaction of light with active dielectric media, represented by four-level atomic materials, surrounded by photonic crystals. Optically pumped lasing is studied in three model systems: a Fabry-Perot cavity, a line of defects in a two-dimensional square lattice of rods, and a cylindrical photonic crystal. Field profiles and conversion efficiencies are calculated for these systems. It is shown that high conversion efficiency can be achieved for large regions of active material in the cavity, as well as for a single fluorescent atom in a hollow-core cylindrical photonic crystal, suggesting designs for ultralow-threshold lasers and ultrasensitive biological sensors.

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  • Received 8 November 2005

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.73.165125

©2006 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

Peter Bermel, Elefterios Lidorikis, Yoel Fink, and John D. Joannopoulos

  • Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA

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Issue

Vol. 73, Iss. 16 — 15 April 2006

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