Exact ground states of quantum spin-2 models on the hexagonal lattice

We construct exact nontrivial ground states of spin-2 quantum antiferromagnets on the hexagonal lattice. Using the optimum ground state approach we determine the ground state in different subspaces of a general spin-2 Hamiltonian consistent with some realistic symmetries. These states, which are not of simple product form, depend on two free parameters and can be shown to be only weakly degenerate. We find ground states with different types of magnetic order, i.e., a weak antiferromagnet with finite sublattice magnetization and a weak ferromagnet with ferrimagnetic order. For the latter it is argued that a quantum phase transition occurs within the solvable subspace.

Figure 1

Numbering scheme for the sites of the hexagonal lattice with sublattices $\mathfrak{A}$ and $\mathfrak{B}$.