Abstract
We revisit the ground-state phase diagram of the one-dimensional half-filled extended Hubbard model with on-site (U) and nearest-neighbor (V) repulsive interactions. In the first half of the paper, using the weak-coupling renormalization-group approach -ology) including second-order corrections to the coupling constants, we show that bond-charge-density-wave (BCDW) phase exists for in between charge-density-wave (CDW) and spin-density-wave (SDW) phases. We find that the umklapp scattering of parallel-spin electrons disfavors the BCDW state and leads to a bicritical point where the CDW-BCDW and SDW-BCDW continuous-transition lines merge into the CDW-SDW first-order transition line. In the second half of the paper, we investigate the phase diagram of the extended Hubbard model with either additional staggered site potential or bond alternation Although the alternating site potential strongly favors the CDW state (that is, a band insulator), the BCDW state is not destroyed completely and occupies a finite region in the phase diagram. Our result is a natural generalization of the work by Fabrizio, Gogolin, and Nersesyan [Phys. Rev. Lett. 2014 (1999)], who predicted the existence of a spontaneously dimerized insulating state between a band insulator and a Mott insulator in the phase diagram of the ionic Hubbard model. The bond alternation destroys the SDW state and changes it into the BCDW state (or Peierls insulating state). As a result the phase diagram of the model with contains only a single critical line separating the Peierls insulator phase and the CDW phase. The addition of or changes the universality class of the CDW-BCDW transition from the Gaussian transition into the Ising transition.
- Received 7 August 2003
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.69.035103
©2004 American Physical Society