Andreev levels in a single-channel conductor

M. Titov, N. A. Mortensen, H. Schomerus, and C. W. J. Beenakker
Phys. Rev. B 64, 134206 – Published 11 September 2001
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Abstract

We calculate the subgap density of states of a disordered single-channel normal metal connected to a superconductor at one end (normal-metal–superconductor junction) or at both ends [superconductor–normal-metal–superconductor (SNS) junction]. The probability distribution of the energy of a bound state (Andreev level) is broadened by disorder. In the SNS case the twofold degeneracy of the Andreev levels is removed by disorder leading to a splitting in addition to the broadening. The distribution of the splitting is given precisely by Wigner’s surmise from random-matrix theory. For strong disorder the mean density of states is largely unaffected by the proximity to the superconductor, because of localization, except in a narrow energy region near the Fermi level, where the density of states is suppressed with a log-normal tail.

  • Received 21 March 2001

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.64.134206

©2001 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

M. Titov1, N. A. Mortensen1,2, H. Schomerus1,3, and C. W. J. Beenakker1

  • 1Instituut-Lorentz, Universiteit Leiden, P. O. Box 9506, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
  • 2Mikroelektronik Centret, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads 345 E, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
  • 3Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Straße 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany

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Vol. 64, Iss. 13 — 1 October 2001

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