Effects of quantum size and potential shape on the spectra of an electron and a donor in quantum dots

Spectra of electron and donor states in quantum dots with different confinement potentials are calculated. The potential-shape, quantum-size, and donor-position effects on the level ordering and binding are studied in detail. It is found that a single donor can heavily change single-electron spectra in the quantum dots with proper size and potential shape, which may be useful for understanding physical phenomena and designing materials and devices in quantum-dot structures.