Abstract
The time-dependent Dirac equation is solved numerically and compared to the corresponding prediction of the nonrelativistic Schrödinger equation for hydrogenlike systems exposed to intense laser pulses. It is found that for a correct description of effects beyond the dipole approximation, virtual electron-positron pairs can be very important. Relativistic effects in the ionization dynamics of highly charged systems are studied.
- Received 20 January 2009
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.79.043418
©2009 American Physical Society