Casimir forces between defects in one-dimensional quantum liquids

A. Recati, J. N. Fuchs, C. S. Peça, and W. Zwerger
Phys. Rev. A 72, 023616 – Published 25 August 2005

Abstract

We discuss the effective interactions between two localized perturbations in one-dimensional quantum liquids. For noninteracting fermions, the interactions exhibit Friedel oscillations, giving rise to a Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida-type interaction familiar from impurity spins in metals. In the interacting case, at low energies, a Luttinger-liquid description applies. In the case of repulsive fermions, the Friedel oscillations of the interacting system are replaced, at long distances, by a universal Casimir-type interaction which depends only on the sound velocity and decays inversely with the separation. The Casimir-type interaction between localized perturbations embedded in a fermionic environment gives rise to a long-range coupling between quantum dots in ultracold Fermi gases, opening an alternative to couple qubits with neutral atoms. We also briefly discuss the case of bosonic quantum liquids in which the interaction between weak impurities turns out to be short ranged, decaying exponentially on the scale of the healing length.

  • Figure
  • Received 17 May 2005

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.72.023616

©2005 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

A. Recati1,2, J. N. Fuchs3, C. S. Peça1, and W. Zwerger4

  • 1Institute for Theoretical Physics, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
  • 2CRS BEC-INFM, Povo and ECT, Villazzano, 38050 Trento, Italy
  • 3Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 510, 91405 Orsay, France
  • 4Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, 85747 Garching, Germany

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Issue

Vol. 72, Iss. 2 — August 2005

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